The mouse is the computer’s external input device. An indicator of the vertical and horizontal coordinates of the computer’s display system. Its default name should be “mouse”. Mouse is use to make computer work easier and faster instead of boring keyboard instructions.
What is a mouse?
The mouse is the external input device of the computer and also serves as an indicator of the vertical and horizontal coordinates of the display system. The default mouse name should be “mouse” and the English term should be “Mouse”. The mouse is design to make working with your computer easier and faster, not tedious keyboard commands.
Douglas Engelbart, Ph. D. at UC, Berkeley invent the mouse in 1964 while working for the Stanford Research Institute (SRI). An organization sponsor by Stanford University. And Douglas Engelbart had long research how to make computers? The operation is more convenient. The XY position indication of the display system is the name of the patent application. Which is use to replace the tedious keyboard input instructions. The different mouse price in Pakistan.
Classification of mice.
The mouse divide into mechanical, optomechanical and photoelectric according to the working principle and internal structure.
 The mechanical Mouse
Changes in the vertical and horizontal movement of the mouse are reflect in a photoelectric pulse signal generat by a network signal sensor install at the end of the roller column. The movement of the cursor arrow on the screen is controll by a processing and conversion computer.
The first mouse made for technical demonstration purposes only and was never mass-produce. After the official appearance of the mouse on the PC, related technologies were also update. The idea of positioning base on different resistances was abandon entirely in favor of a purely digital “mechanical mechanical mouse”.
Unlike the original mouse, this mechanical mouse uses a small gel ball on the bottom. That can rotate in four directions, instead of mutually perpendicular leaf-shaped spherical wheels. The ball will cause a pair of rotary axes to rotate as it rolls (respectively X rotary axis and Y rotary axis). At the end of the rotating shaft is a round encoder wheel. The conductive metal sheet is attach to the encoder wheel and is in direct contact with the brush. When the rotating shaft rotates. These conductive metal sheets and brushes will contact each other, and there are two ways of “on” or “off”. The first corresponds to the binary number “1”, and the second corresponds to the binary number “1”. number “0”.
These metallic conductive sheets and brushes will touch each other as the rotating shaft rotates. There are two types of “on” or “off”. The first corresponds to the binary number “1” and the second corresponds to the binary number “0”. These binary signals are then sent to a special chip inside the mouse. Which analyzes and processes them before generating coordinate change signals. The little ball will cause the rotary axis to rotate as the mouse moves in the plane. The state of the encoder wheel will change, resulting in a set of different coordinate offsets being reflect on the screen, allowing the cursor follows the movement of the mouse. Move and move.
This mechanical mouse, compare to the original mouse, greatly improved usability, responsiveness, and precision. And became inexpensive to manufacture, making it the first mouse to gain universal popularity. The X-axis and Y-axis of the mouse, as well as the small ball. Often stick to dust and other particles due to its essentially mechanical structure, resulting in poor positioning accuracy. In addition, brushes and encoder wheels that are in constant contact wear out significantly and are directly damage. It affects the life of a mechanical mouse. After a brief period of popularity, it was replace by the “equally cheap optical mouse”, also known as a “mechanical mouse”, which is still widely use today.
Optomechanical Mouse
Logitech successfully create the first optomechanical mouse in 1983, commonly known as an “optical mouse”. To address the shortcomings of a purely mechanical mouse with poor precision and rapid mechanical wear. The optical mouse is base on a purely mechanical mouse and improves the positioning accuracy of the mouse through the use of optical technology. An optical mouse, like a purely mechanical mouse, has a small bead of glue and is attach to the X and Y axes. The difference is that instead of one round decode wheel, an optical mouse contains two networks of code wheels. A with net slots. , as well as LEDs and light-sensitive chips.
The rolling ball will rotate the two netcode disks on the X and Y axes. As the mouse moves across the desktop, and the light emitted from the X and Y LEDs will illuminate the netcode disk. The light emite by the diode can be direct directly to the detector head, which consists of two light-sensitive chips, at the right time through the mesh slot. The photosensitive chip generates a “1” signal if an optical signal is receive and a “0” signal if no optical signal is receive. The signals are then transmite to a specific control chip. which calculates the proper offset coordinates to determine the position of the cursor on the screen.
An optomechanical mouse using this approach outperforms the original pure mechanical mouse in terms of precision, reliability, and speed. While maintaining the advantages of low cost. After its release, it quickly conquere the market, and the purely mechanical mouse was quickly replace. The optical mouse ushered in a real era of mice that continues to this day. This is the type of mouse find in most budget models. An optical mouse, on the other hand, has an inherent flaw: the ball on the bottom doesn’t repel dirt.
Over time, dirt builds up on the two rotating axes. Blocking the flow of light and causing unresponsive movement and cursor lockup. As a result, an optical mouse requires a thorough cleaning of the ball and stem from time to time to maintain optimum performance. It even needs to be clean every two or three days in a dusty environment. In addition, as the use time of the optical mouse increases, the original good operating conditions of the optical mouse are lost, and the response sensitivity and positioning accuracy are affect. The staying power is not exactly what you would expect.
As the name suggests, an optomechanical mouse combines optoelectronics and mechanics. Converts the most worn-out contact brushes and decoder wheels into mouse-based non-contact LED light path mechanical components. The X and Y directions of the rollers cause the code disk to spin as the ball rolls. There are two sets of LEDs and phototransistors on each side of the code disk.
As a result, a sequence of pulses with a phase difference of 90° between groups of two stages is form. The number of pulses indicates the movement of the mouse and the phase indicates the direction of movement. Mouse wear rate is reduce through the use of non-contact parts, resulting in a significant increase in mouse life and precision. An optical mouse is similar in design to a mechanical mouse. It’s impossible to tell the difference without opening the mouse case.
 Photoelectric Mouse
The optical sensor is use in the photoelectric mouse and is use in most modern mice. The photoelectric mouse works by emitting LED light at a 30-degree angle to the desktop, casting a shadow across the surface, and then across the plane. The other lens transmits the refraction to the sensor. It’s similar to a camera, except instead of taking photos, it captures an image of the desktop and then converts the image into data that is then use to track mouse movement across the desktop.
The digital photoelectric mouse, with no mechanical design, appeared almost at the same time as the optical mouse. The original purpose of creating this optical mouse was to bring mouse precision to a whole new level to meet the requirements of professional applications. The usual design of rolling balls and rotating axes is absent in this photoelectric mouse. Two LEDs, photosensitive chip.
The control chip and mesh reflector are important components (the equivalent of a dedicated mouse pad). The photoelectric mouse must move on the reflective plate during operation. The X and Y light-emitting diodes will emit light and irradiate to the reflective plate respectively, and then the light will be reflected by the reflective plate, pass through the lens array, and be emite to the photosensitive chip. the optical signal is converted into a digital signal, which is then sent to the positioning chip for further processing, resulting in X-Y compensation data.
Optical Mouse
Microsoft has created an optical mouse, which is a high-tech mouse. It uses NTELLIEYE technology. A small, light-sensitive head sits in a small hole at the bottom of the mouse. A light-emitting tube that emits infrared rays is located in front of the photosensitive head. For precise positioning, the second reflection is fed back to the mouse positioning mechanism. As a result, this mouse is not limite in its movements.
Despite the disastrous failure of the optical mouse, the advantages of a fully digital working model. The lack of mechanical design and high precision have aroused the interest of the industry. Technically durable items are quite possible. Microsoft and Agilent Technologies were pioneers in this industry. In 1999 Microsoft released IntelliMouseExplorer, a second generation optical mouse. Microsoft and Agilent collaborated on the IntelliEye optical engine used in this mouse. It is also known to the outside world because it is base more on optical technology. The term “optical mouse”.
It not only retains the advantages of high precision and non-mechanical design of the optical mouse. But also has high reliability and durability, and can maintain a good working order without cleaning during use, attracting the attention of the industry. Shortly after its release. In late 2001, Logitech partner with Agilent to release comparable products. While Microsoft did its own research and development and release a second-generation IntelliEye optical module. As a result, optical mice were divide into two groups: Microsoft and Logitech. Although Agilent Technologies understands the technology behind optical engines. It does not make mice; instead, it sells optical engine products to third-party mouse manufacturers. Its technology is use in almost every other Logitech brand and mouse on the market.
How to use the mouse?
The best way to hold the mouse is to gently press it with the palm of your hand. Gently grasp the thumb and little finger on both sides of the mouse. Bend the index and middle fingers naturally, and gently press the mouse to the left and to the right buttons. Fourth and fifth buttons. The ring falls naturally to the side and is capture by the little finger at the side. At this time, the mouse sticks to the belly of the thumb, index and middle fingers. The inside of the ring finger and little finger grab the side of the mouse and gently press. The weight of the hand falls on the hand, keep hand still. Move your wrist left and right without moving your mouse. It will not move forward or backward, but it will move smoothly without jumping.
1. Moving the mouse is one of the most fundamental actions. Make the mouse move left and right, forward and backward smoothly, based on the concept of stabilizing the center of gravity. So that the mouse pointer on the monitor can be docile.
- The hand does not move when moving left and right; instead, the thumb, little finger, and ring finger are press lightly against the mouse, and the wrist moves left and right, causing the mouse to move as well.
- Moving back and forth is a bit more difficult. The mouse should still be held lightly and gently press down with your thumb, little finger, and ring finger. If you are moving a long distance, keep moving the mouse with your hand. If the mouse moves too much, hold it gently and let it dangle in the air, then lift it up and return it to its original position; Because it is suspend in the air, the monitor pointer will not move with it.
2. To indicate a selection or selection, click the mouse. The operation method is to stabilize the mouse first. Then lightly press it. Then lightly press the index finger, and then release it. The key will bounce by itself and make a distinctive click, after which it will be possible to use additional fingers. Moving would be a disservice. If you make a mistake, click the empty area next to it to undo, then go back and try again.
3. When double clicked, it opens and runs. The operation consists of a quick double tap of the left button with the index finger. The sound should be clear and the tempo should be a bit faster. You can also cancel the reset by clicking on an empty space.
4. Dragging is the action of moving an icon to a new location or drawing a rectangle. Focusing involves holding your index finger and not letting go, pinching and not letting go. And then moving it left or right for a considerable distance. You need to move by moving your hand, shooting point blank and flicking your wrist. It’s important not to let go of your index finger, and if you do, you’ll start over.
